In 21 Jun 356 BC, the temple of Artemis located in Ephesus was destroyed

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This model of the Temple of Artemis, at Miniatürk Park, Istanbul, Turkey, attempts to recreate the probable appearance of the first temple.

In 21 Jun 356 BC, the temple of Artemis located in Ephesus was destroyed in a vainglorious act of arson by a man, Herostratus, who set fire to the wooden roof-beams, seeking fame at any cost; thus the term herostratic fame.For this outrage, the Ephesians sentenced the perpetrator to death and forbade anyone from mentioning his name; but 

A drum from the base of a column from the 4th-century rebuilding (British Museum).

Theopompus later noted it. In Greek and Roman historical tradition, the temple's destruction coincided with the birth of Alexander the Great (around 20/21 July 356 BC). Plutarch remarked that Artemis was too preoccupied with Alexander's delivery to save her burning temple.